[美]马克·阿兰·芬雷森：《从语义标注文本中推定普罗普的功能项》，张瑞娇、李扬译，《民俗研究》2019年第4期。

【内容摘要】弗拉基米尔·普罗普的《故事形态学》是民俗学的一项开创性研究，也是计算研究中一个引人注目的课题。我探讨了一种从语义标注文本中学习普罗普功能项的技术，并对普罗普语料库中的15个民间故事进行了语义角色、语义同指、时间结构、事件情感和角色的标注。之后我从普罗普提供的描述中导出了一组合并规则。当这些规则与模型融合学习框架的改进版本相结合时,能够很好地重现普罗普的功能项。三个重要的功能组——即A/a（加害/缺失），H/I（交锋/战胜），以及W（回报）——被精准地识别出来。这是计算系统学习一种真实的叙事结构理论的首次论证。

【关键词】人工智能；计算语言学；民间故事；功能主义；语义学

Inferring Propp's Functions from Semantically Annotated Text

Author: Mark Alan Finlayson, trans. by Zhang Ruijiao, Li Yang

Abstract: Vladimir Propp's Morphology of the Folktale is a seminal work in folkloristics and a compelling subject of computational study. I demonstrate a technique for learning Propp's functions from semantically annotated text. Fifteen folktales from Propp's corpus were annotated for semantic roles, co-reference, temporal structure, event sentiment, and dramatis personae. I derived a set of merge rules from descriptions given by Propp. These rules, when coupled with a modified version of the model merging learning framework, reproduce Propp's functions well. Three important function groups—namely A/a(villainy/lack), H/I(struggle and victory), and W (reward)—are identified with high accuracies. This is the first demonstration of a computational system learning a real theory of narrative structure.

Key words: artificial intelligence; computational linguistics; folklore; functionalism; semantics