张多：《美国学者搜集整理、翻译中国民间文学的学术史和方法论》，《文化遗产》2019年第2期。

【内容摘要】美国学者对中国民间文学的搜集、整理、翻译，是中国民间文学学术史的重要组成部分，但这一领域长期以来未得到重视。美国学者早在19世纪后半叶就在中国民间文学搜集整理方面取得杰出成绩，到1980年代以后更是佳作迭出。早期传教士和学人搜求中国歌谣、谚语、故事的历程多有开创意义，成为西方人认识中国的重要途径。1980年代以来，安东尼·沃克、马克·本德尔、苏独玉等美国民俗学、人类学者构成了美国中国民间文学研究的专业化学术图景，他们的工作在"语言转换""合作研究""文本化"等方面体现了方法论的示范意义。

【关键词】中国民间文学；美国学者；搜集整理；翻译；文本化

The Academic History and Methodology of American scholars’ collection, compilation, and translation of Chinese folk literature

Zhang Duo

Abstract: The collection, compilation, and translation of Chinese folk literature by American scholars are an important part of the academic history of Chinese folk literature, but this field has long been neglected. American scholars have achieved outstanding results in collecting and compiling Chinese folk literature as early as the late 19th century, and even more so since the 1980s. The early missionaries and scholars’ search for Chinese ballads, proverbs, and stories had a pioneering significance and became an important way for Westerners to understand China. Since the 1980s, American folklorists and anthropologists such as Anthony Walker, Mark Bender, and Sue Tuohy have formed a specialized academic landscape of American research on Chinese folk literature. Their work demonstrates exemplary methodology in areas such as “language translation”, “collaborative research”, and “textualization”.

Keywords: Chinese folk literature, American scholars, collection and compilation, translation, textualization