孙瑶琦：《费惠民的青海语言民俗记录及其学术价值》，《文化遗产》2023年第6期。

【内容摘要】20世纪四十年代，奥地利传教士费惠民到青海省西宁市附近的黑嘴子村传教，他在传教的同时记录了当地丰富的民俗文化。其中还包括俗词、俗语、谚语、仪式语等语言民俗，费惠民语言民俗的记录几乎都附有方言发音的音标注音，这一严谨科学的记录方式可凸显语言民俗的“地方性”。此外，他还通过语言探求民众的日常生活与文化，在特定的地域语境、文化语境中解释语言民俗，为了解当时青海农村的社会与习俗留下宝贵的历史资料。语言与文化关系密切，近年来，语言民俗学主张在生活文化情境中研究语言民俗，费惠民记录语言民俗的理念与国内学者的提倡有相通之处。因此，探究传教士记录语言民俗的方式与特点是对语言民俗研究学术史的补充完善，同时，也能从中汲取西方人记录语言民俗的方法与经验。

【关键词】传教士；费惠民；语言民俗；语境

Johann Frick’s Qinghai Language Folklore Records and Its Academic Value

Sun Yaoqi

Abstract: In the 1940s, Austrian missionary Johann Frick came to the village of Heizuizi near Xining, Qinghai Province to preach. During his mission, he recorded rich local folk culture materials, including language folklore such as popular characters and phrases, proverbs, and ritual language. The language folklore records by Johann Frick utilized rigorous methods, which included phonetic transcriptions of local dialects, highlighted the “locality” of language folklore. Moreover, he used language to explore the daily life and culture of the people, interpreting language folklore within specific geographical and cultural context, which provided valuable historical documents for understanding the social customs of rural Qinghai at that time. In language folklore studies, the close relationship between language and culture has led to recent trend of researching language folklore in the context of life culture, aligning with Johann Frick’s approach. Therefore, examining the missionary’s method and characteristics of recording language folklore supplements the academic history of language folklore studies and provides insights into Western approaches and experiences in recording language folklore.

Keywords: missionary, Johann Frick, language folklore, context