斯琴：《文献民俗志的研究方法——以<民间道德、习俗与民间叙事>为例》，《文化遗产》2023年第6期。

【内容摘要】《海外藏中国民俗文化珍稀文献》为中国民俗学研究搜集整理了一批珍贵的民俗资料。这些资料需要学者们进行深度研究。针对其中的文献民俗志资料，我们需要从它的特征入手，思考适合的研究方法。文献民俗志和田野民俗志各自有凸显的特点。我们发现从民俗志写作手法入手，可以为确立文献民俗志的时空范围找到一定的线索。进而，运用历史研究法、文献考证法等多种研究方法，使文献民俗志的时空范围更加精确化，并通过对内容的剖析使文献民俗志的民俗社会轮廓清晰呈现。这一研究结果使得结合“传承母体论”探索文献民俗志的田野研究成为可能。而田野民俗志是在现代学术体系下产生、发展、逐步走向成熟的民俗学理论方法，它侧重于对当今社会生活的田野工作，代表着民俗学的现代特征。因此，文献民俗志和田野民俗志相互结合是民俗学研究今后的一个重要领域。

【关键词】文献民俗志；田野民俗志；民俗社会；海外藏民俗资料

The Research Method of Document Folkloric Ethnography

——Take Folk Morality, Customs and Folk Narrative As a Case

Si Qin

Abstract: The Chinese Folklore Documents Overseas has compiled a valuable set of folk data for the study of Chinese folklore, which require in-depth research by scholars. In considering the document folkloric ethnography materials, we need to start with their characteristics and think about suitable research methods. Both document folkloric ethnography and field ethnography have their distinctive features. We have found that starting with the writing techniques of ethnography can provide clues to establish the temporal and spatial scope of document folkloric ethnography. Furthermore, using various research methods such as historical research and literary evidence can make the temporal and spatial scope of document folkloric ethnography more precise, and through content analysis, the profile of folklore society in document folkloric ethnography can be presented clearly. The research finding make it possible to combine the “regional succession theory” to explore document folkloric ethnography. Meanwhile, regional succession theory is a theoretical method of folklore studies that has emerged, developed, and gradually matured within the modern academic system, focusing on fieldwork in contemporary social life and representing the modern features of folklore studies. Therefore, the combination of document folkloric ethnography and field ethnography will be an important area for future folklore studies.

Keywords: document folkloric ethnography, field ethnography; folk society; folklore data in overseas collections