王玉冰：《民俗文物的跨国流动史——以高延藏品为例》，《艺术与民俗》2020年第3期。

【内容摘要】荷兰汉学家高延分别在1877—1878年及1886—1890年间两次来华，收集了超过1000件民俗物品。随着时间流逝，这些民俗物品变成了博物馆藏品，继而逐渐变成民俗类文物。这些文物现分别收藏于荷兰国立民族学博物馆和法国里昂自然历史博物馆。在收集民俗物品时，高延非常注意其体系性，以便完整地呈现出特定的民俗事项。对于那些不便移动的民俗物品，则利用摄影技术为其留下珍贵的图像资料。不但如此，高延还把在厦门地区的民俗物品调查成果应用到民族志的撰写和民族学的教学工作中。回顾高延藏品在荷兰和法国的流动史，可见民俗文物的收藏与研究不仅受到收集者个人学术兴趣的影响，也受制于资助机构与资助者在不同时代对民俗物品收藏价值的判断。文章认为，民俗文物的展出、修复和数字化保存，与博物馆的历史和观众的审美变迁存在着密切的关联。

【关键词】民俗文物；跨国流动；高延；海外汉学

The History of Transnational Mobility of Folklore Relics: A Case Study of Jan Jakob Maria de Groot’s Collection

Wang Yubing

Abstract: The Dutch Sinologist J. J. M. de Groot visited China twice during 1877-1878 and 1886-1890. He collected more than 1000 folklore objects. Over time, these objects became the collection of the museum, and then gradually became folklore relics, which are now housed in the National Museum of Ethnology in the Netherlands and the Natural History Museum in Lyon, France. When collecting the folklore objects, J. J. M.de Groot payed great attention to their systematicness, so as to fully present the specific folklore items. For those folk objects that are not suitable to move, J. J. M. de Groot used photography technology to record precious image data. Not only that, J. J. M. de Groot also integrated the investigation of folk objects in Xiamen into the writing of ethnography and the teaching of ethnology course. Looking back at the circulation history of J. J. M. de Groot’s collection in the Netherlands and France, it can be seen that the collection and research of folklore relics are not only influenced by the personal academic interests of the collectors, but also subject to the judgments on the collection value of folklore objects by funding institutions and funders in different times. Finally, today’s exhibition, restoration and digital preservation of folklore relics are closely related to the history of the museum and the aesthetic changes of the audience.

Keywords: Folklore Relics, Transnational Mobility, Jan Jakob Maria de Groot, Overseas Sinology